Greenhouse gas emissions refer to the release of gases into the atmosphere that trap heat and contribute to global warming. The primary greenhouse gases include carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide, and fluorinated gases. Sources of these emissions include burning fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, agriculture, and industrial processes. Greenhouse gas emissions are a significant driver of climate change and are a major focus of research and policy efforts to mitigate their impact on the environment. Strategies to reduce emissions include transitioning to renewable energy sources, improving energy efficiency, and implementing carbon pricing mechanisms.